Music Therapy

Just a quick thought…

jarenglade — Wed, 31 Mar 2010 17:21:42 +0000

“Carol Joy Loeb, a former opera singer, is a certified music practitioner and registered nurse. When she arrives at a patient’s bedside, she’s prepared to alleviate misery.

‘I use the music to bring a calmness to them,’ Loeb says. ‘It helps with pain and agitation. And in the case of those who are actively dying, it helps them to go peacefully.’”

I think we all have experienced how music can help change our moods for better or for worse, but studies like the one above show that it can actually alleviate physical pain as well! So if you stub your toe or you get kicked while playing soccer, just turn on your ipod, no big deal.

Composition

jarenglade — Wed, 31 Mar 2010 03:55:36 +0000

“That’s how I learned the lesson that everyone’s alone. And your eyes must do some raining, if you’re ever gonna grow. But when crying don’t help and you can’t compose yourself it’s best to compose a poem. An honest verse of longing, or a simple song of hope. That is why I’m singing…”

- Bowl of Oranges, Bright Eyes

Bands like Bright Eyes attract millions of listeners because of their ability to capture listeners with their lyrics. Music has a way of playing with people’s emotions. What’s interesting to me is the reciprocity of the art. For example, as told above in the lyrics, Bright Eyes obviously uses poetry, lyrics, and song to express his feelings. And likewise, the audience finds joy in listening to the music because of the way the lyrics and music match their emotions. It’s an activity in which both the artist and the audience benefit.

Research based Temple University in Philadelphia has a great music therapy program. They explain about “sessions which involve composing, where the therapist helps the client to write songs, lyrics, or instrumental pieces, or to create any kind of musical product, such as music videos or audiotape programs. Usually the therapist simplifies the process by engaging the client in easier aspects of the task (e.g., generating a melody, or writing the lyrics of a song), and by taking responsibility for more technical aspects (e.g., harmonization, notation).”

Girl sings about cancer battle

jarenglade — Wed, 31 Mar 2010 03:44:12 +0000

Like any other therapeutic interventions, there will be success stories, and there will be failures. Cancer is so prevalent these days that it’s hard to encounter someone who hasn’t been affected in some way by cancer. “Eleanor Bothwell was 9 when she wrote “’Cause You Are Yourself,” a song about her battle with bone cancer, as part of the music therapy program at the North Carolina Children’s Hospital.”

Unfortunately she lost her fight with cancer this past Sunday. An article released during her battle talks about the influence music therapy had on her.

“The song that poured out of her – entitled ‘Cause You Are Yourself” – is about Eleanor’s experience battling cancer: ‘You feel the hurt inside you. It’s wanting to come out,’ she sings.

Eleanor is among the children who work three days a week with UNC music therapist Elizabeth Fawcett.

‘She comes down, and it makes me feel better,’ Eleanor said. ‘It makes me feel like I am cared about.’”

Girl sings about cancer battle.

Cat got your tongue?

jarenglade — Tue, 30 Mar 2010 18:20:21 +0000

Music therapists are combining with speech therapists to help children learn to speak. Studies show that sign language improves the rate of communication for children learning how to speak. Apparently so does music!

“Because singing and speech share many similarities, yet are accessed differently by the brain, music strategies can be an alternate way to practice functional communication. Music is also an effective means to organize speech by “chunking” phrases into predictable patterns and offering timing cues to assist in pacing. Since many early speech phrases are taught through repetition and imitation, these same phrases can be modeled through song as an initial teaching format, followed by fading of the music and use of the language in more natural settings.”

So if you have a hard time with communication, especially with dating, you might want to try some music therapy to rehearse what you should say and how to say it. Just kidding. But seriously.

“Under the Influence”

jarenglade — Tue, 30 Mar 2010 18:01:40 +0000

Obviously music influences us, but I think most of the time we don’t realize how much. Our lives are so consumed by music that we don’t realize how big a role it plays in our lives. Can you imagine watching a horror movie without intense sound effects or creepy music? I’ll bet it wouldn’t be near as scary. But what is scary is the effect that music and the media have on youth. I’m in a psychology class about human development. One of the sections talked about adolescents and how they are more likely to participate in sexual activities when exposed to sexually explicit media such as MTV and the music they hear on the radio. A news article on WebMD links rap music with risky sexual and violent behavior.

I also ran into this article on nytimes.com/health that talks about the influence of music on youth.

“Teenagers listen to an average of nearly 2.5 hours of music per day. Guess what they’re hearing about?

One in three popular songs contains explicit references to drug or alcohol use, according to a new report in The Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. That means kids are receiving about 35 references to substance abuse for every hour of music they listen to, the authors determined.

Studies have long shown that media messages have a pronounced impact on childhood risk behaviors. Exposure to images of smoking in movies influences a child’s risk for picking up the habit. Alcohol use in movies and promotions is also linked to actual alcohol use.”

Autism in children

jarenglade — Tue, 30 Mar 2010 03:00:16 +0000

My nephew, Andrew, has down syndrome, and a couple months ago I went to a group therapy session with him and a bunch of other children with disabilities (all under the age of 3). At the session they had a bunch of different therapists and activities – music, speech therapies, occupational therapists, etc. I was pretty impressed with the musical involvements, especially the way that the children responded to musical stimuli.

I read an interesting article about how children with autism generally don’t ”engage in positive affect exchanges (smiling and laughing) with others in social situations,and difﬁculties in the social-affective area are not only found to be stable,but proposed to be a core deﬁcit in children with autism.” The study in the article showed that more ”‘compliant (positive) responses’were observed more in music therapy than in toy play sessions, and ‘no responses’ were twice as frequent in toy play sessions as in music therapy.”

Alzheimer’s

jarenglade — Sat, 27 Mar 2010 16:38:37 +0000

Posted below is a description of a study done at Cambridge in April 2009 that talks about the relaxation effects of music therapy on agitated elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Other articles I found show different ways that music therapy interventions have been used to study Alzheimer’s and its symptoms. One of the articles talked about how music therapy increased serum melatonin levels in patients with Alzheimer’s. Pretty interesting stuff!

“While working as a staff development coordinator in a long-term care facility during the mid to late 1980s I witnessed agitation in persons with dementia (PWD) and the negative effects that these behaviors had on both the caregiver and the care recipient. Published research findings validated the widespread prevalence of this problem. Management strategies at the time focused primarily on chemical and physical restraints which, in and of themselves, were fraught with adverse effects. Shortly thereafter I enrolled in graduate school where I focused my efforts on exploring this problem with a clear understanding that there was a need for alternative interventions that were relatively inexpensive and could be readily and easily implemented by trained staff. These efforts eventually led to the development of individualized music as an intervention for the management of agitation in PWD. Individualized music is defined as music that has been integrated into the person’s life and is based on personal preference (Gerdner, 1992). Extensive clinical experience along with findings from a pilot study (Gerdner, 1992) served as the foundation for the development of intervention guidelines (Gerdner, 1996) and a mid-range theory of individualized music intervention for agitation (IMIA) (Gerdner, 1997). The publication of the original pilot study (Gerdner and Swanson, 1993) generated a considerable amount of interest resulting in further efforts toward testing the effects of individualized music for the management of agitation in PWD (Casby and Holm, 1994; Cohen-Mansfield and Werner, 1997; Devereaux, 1997; Thomas et al., 1997; Clark et al., 1998). The strengths and limitations of these studies were used to design a more rigorous methodology using a larger sample for the purpose of testing the propositions of IMIA and the effects of individualized music when compared to classical “relaxation” music on the frequency of agitation in PWD. The findings of this study were published in International Psychogeriatrics (Gerdner, 2000). As of January 2009, this article has been cited in 91 scholarly publications and was the impetus for additional studies conducted in the U.S.A., Sweden, Japan and Taiwan. These efforts have resulted in an expanding body of research to support the use of this intervention for the management of agitation (Ragneskog et al., 2001; Janelli et al., 2002; Suzuki et al. 2004; Sung et al., 2006; 2008; Park, 2008).”

Hobbies help…

jarenglade — Thu, 25 Mar 2010 15:31:10 +0000

Ever since high school I’ve been pretty big into music. I love playing guitar and have been playing in bands ever since I got my first electric guitar. In fact, my current band, Goodnight Annabelle, is headed down to southern utah this weekend to play a few shows and promote our music. While the music I play wouldn’t necessarily be qualified as “soothing” to the soul, it really does help me to relieve stress.

The “therapy” that I get from music is by no means formal therapy treatment, but it is a way for me to escape the pressures of school and work and everything else. It’s definitely an enjoyable hobby. If any one has any musical talents, I highly recommend that you use them, especially these next couple weeks of finals and tests. And if you need some relaxing entertainment this weekend, feel free to come to BYU’s Guitars Unplugged. My band will be playing an acoustic version of one of our songs.

Take it easy…

jarenglade — Thu, 25 Mar 2010 02:16:59 +0000

Stress isn’t good for you. Nobody likes it and health professionals are doing everything they can to help people cope with stress and anxiety. Music affects the mind and body in various ways, and an article by Elizabeth Scott tells us a few of the way that music helps our brain and bodies:

Brain Waves: Research has shown that music with a strong beat can stimulate brainwaves to resonate in sync with the beat, with faster beats bringing sharper concentration and more alert thinking, and a slower tempo promoting a calm, meditative state. Also, research has found that the change in brainwave activity levels that music can bring can also enable the brain to shift speeds more easily on its own as needed, which means that music can bring lasting benefits to your state of mind, even after you’ve stopped listening.

Breathing and Heart Rate: With alterations in brainwaves comes changes in other bodily functions. Those governed by the autonomic nervous system, such as breathing and heart rate can also be altered by the changes music can bring. This can mean slower breathing, slower heart rate, and an activation of the relaxation response, among other things. This is why music and music therapy can help counteract or prevent the damaging effects of chronic stress, greatly promoting not only relaxation, but health.

Music and Children

jarenglade — Thu, 25 Mar 2010 01:25:28 +0000

You’ve heard stories about how doctors have told pregnant mothers to listen to classical music, and that it will make their baby smarter and everything… Does music help kids in their cognitive development? This is a story CBS did about a music therapist in Long Island that helped heal children with music.

Musical Healing

A Musician Uses His Talent And Gives Hope To Sick Children

By Sean Alfano

(CBS) Glenn Schifano is a music therapist – one of five thousand in the United States. He “performs” at Schneider Children’s Hospital in Long Island and his audiences are children with life threatening diseases like cancer and heart disease.

He plays not for money, not for fame, but to heal and offer hope.

“It seeks to dispel some of the frustrating, suffering that goes on here,” Schifano tells CBS Sunday Morning correspondent Dan Rather of his music.

“A child that really can non-verbalize some of their angst, some of their pain can really verbally, through music, express that,” he says. “It can be very healing.”

Schifano started his rounds on this day with 5-year-old Jake Brower, who less than two hours earlier had his 10th brain operation.

“To put the shaker in his hand and then to get him to shake on his own, I think it was empowering for him and also empowering for parent,” Schifano says.

Baby Sekura is suffering from a head injury and Schifano is playing for both the baby and her father.

“You can just imagine dad feeling overwhelmingly anxious — they both got into this kind of lull and that is the hope, what you wanna do. That’s, you know, the baby to feel that the father is calm, the mother is calm, there is safety there, there is security there,” Schifano explains.

When it comes to 18-year-old Ashley Crawford, who suffers from leukemia, Schifano doesn’t have to figure out what music she needs.

She was spelling it out to me: ‘I wanna learn ‘Ode to Joy.’ Teach me ‘Ode to Joy.’ If it was last thing she did on this planet that is what she wanted to do, that was it. Give her that joy,” Schifano says.

For sick children well enough to live at home but still needing check ups, Schifano is the first person they meet in the hospital, even before their doctors

“Children come in, kids sign in, get blood drawn and go on to treatment area. That finger stick room dictates what happens that day,” Schifano says.

If music therapy only makes treatment less painful and sickness more bearable, it would seem to be enough. But music therapy does more: it sometimes can save lives. Just ask Dr. Mark Atlas, who heads the hospital’s transplant unit, where the survival rate for children is only 40 percent.
“The children in transplant tend to have difficulties with high blood pressure, both from medications and from pain. Relaxation, enjoyment, good positive mental state can help decrease blood pressure which actually improves their outcome,” Atlas explains.

Music can sometimes improve the outcome even with the youngest of the young. Ashton Webster arrived a perilous 10 weeks early, weighing less than one and a half pounds

Up is bad; down is good in terms of the baby’s breathing. The more Schifano sang, the more Ashton’s mother and hospital staff could see “down.”

All those differences were reason for hope said Dr. Dennis Davidson, chief of the neonatal unit.

“These small, premature babies while they are in their hospital stay can develop neurologically,” Davidson claims. “The sucking reflex becomes better, they gain weight faster and ultimately they are out of the hospital faster.”

Music therapy began not with children, but World Wart II soldiers suffering from battle-induced stress and trauma. Today music is medicine for all ages. At Beth Israel Hospital in New York City, a leading music therapy training center, nurses and aides often join in to help the elderly handle fear or depression.

Premature children hear whooshing sounds to sooth their too quick transition from their mother’s womb to the real world.

Even the therapists handle their own stress with music.

Schifano knows that melodies can not forestall the finality of death. Despite all medical and musical efforts, he sees both the old and the young sometimes finally succumb.

“I try not to get concerned with that,” Schifano says. “I try to keep in here and now, keep the child in here and now and be there for the family, musically and emotionally.”